I am sorry, but I am just a pool owner and a DIY'er. Armed with some background in electronics, I conducted my own research to better understand how my Aquarite swcg works and under no obligations, I strive to help others.
There's a wealth of knowledge in the Wiki section in this forum, in case you want to expand your knowledge.
Hayward Aquarite SWG - Further Reading
Read the Schematic Diagram and visualize the direction of the flow of current. If you wish to explore the function of each component in the circuit, the internet is your best friend.
View attachment 644585
On a side note, U13 is
NOT a Voltage Regulator but a Supervisory circuit, Category.
From Google search: MAX809JTRG is a supervisory circuit that provides accurate VCC monitoring and reset timing during power-up, power-down, and brownout/sag conditions. It rejects negative-going transients (glitches) on the power supply line.
On the Aquarite PCB, the U13 chip instructs the downstream U14 chip to go either Lo or Hi. Think of it as a light switch and what can go wrong if the switch is failing?