A sanitizer will reduce cooties, and oxidizer acts to break down materials (skin cells, solids like leaves, etc), and a disinfectant will kill cooties.
Consider the sanitized speciman to be cleaned, but not perfectly so. A few bugs or "cooties" can remain.
A disinfected speciman will be cleaned and hopefully free of germs, or "cooties" but no guarantee
A sterile speciman has NO germs or cooties at all.