As a licensed summer camp, we're required by the Michigan health department to submit weekly pool water samples for coliform testing. Since I've taken over the pool management, I've had 24 consecutive clean water samples over the course of three summers. And this week, on the second to last sample of this summer, I got a coliform positive test.
Feeling pretty discouraged now that my perfect record is no more. Tried to pinpoint all the possible causes... I've kept the FC above the minimum recommended by PoolMath, though this summer I've been doing this by adding bleach first thing in the morning (as opposed to twice a day in years past) so I usually find it having sat all night long pretty close to the minimum. We also took the sample about 15 hours after having kids in the pool. I would have thought that was long enough for chlorine to kill anything off, but perhaps not. I had one point a few weeks ago where I found the FC at 1ppm in the morning (due to a miscommunication with our lifeguard where bleach wasn't added when I thought it was). I don't know if coliform is like algae and can start growing after that and continue until a SLAM, but I suppose that's another possible cause. Our fill water (well water) also has a TA of about 450, so I've been keeping the pH around 7.8 so I don't have to add acid as often. I know that's well within limits, but since chlorine effective goes down with higher pH and I'm running a commercial pool, I wonder if I need to keep the pH lower as a result.
Regardless, I've SLAM'd the pool, boosted the filtration with DE (had to backwash 12 hrs later), and will go back to my twice a day bleach routine to keep the FC towards the high end until we can get a SWG installed. So that should bring it back in line, but I'm hoping someone more experienced might have an idea on how I can prevent this from happening again, or if it's just to be expected from time to time.
For reference, my average test results are:
CYA: 35-40
FC: 3-7
pH: 7.6-7.8
TA: 110-130
CH: 280