We did this with a 15ft Intex Ultra one winter (2017/18), after the ones we took down and stored kept coming out of storage with leaks. We drained below the returns, drained and brought in all the equipment/pipes, and covered it with the Intex cover it came with... which blew off roughly a month later. The pool sat uncovered for the rest of the winter, and other than being super dirty, it was just fine in the spring. Another family is using it this year after storing it for a year, and it's still all good.
We did end up draining it and refilling it in the spring just to get it clean, but that was mostly because it seemed like it would be cheaper and easier than brushing/bleach/filtering out the mess. I'm not sure that it was cheaper or easier though. Oops.
Hopefully those with the experience of multiple winters will have some advice too.