I know nothing about rusty water but I can help you with the Pool Calculator.
First you need to enter your pool size at the top. 10,000 gallons
Then go to the bottom at Suggested Goal Levels and put in TroubleFreePool.com for "Use goals from"
Select Bleach as your primary source of chlorine and Vinyl as pool surface
Then you go down the Now column and enter the values that you have tested. You have Total Hardness not Calcium Hardness and so you will have to just estimate that one. I think I recall that CH is about 2/3 of TH, not sure, but for vinyl it won't matter so estimate that at 70 for now.
You have FC at 10+ and that is not accurate enough for the calculator, you will need to dillute the sample to get a better number. Get 1 cup of pool water and the exact same cup of distilled water, then use the strip to test. Assuming that is a readable number, enter that into the FC now space.
For pH, pick a number, it is between 7.5 and 7.8 -- so is it closer to 7.5 but not 7.5? that is 7.6, or is it closer to 7.8 but not 7.8? that is 7.7. You gotta choose. (Don't sweat this as you will not need to adjust the pH since FC is above 10 for now and you should not adjust pH when FC>10 since you cannot trust the pH test at that level) Just do this for practice now.
TA = 80, so 80 in the TA now column.
CYA could be 0 or 10 or 20 or 30, I sure don't know which is why we don't like strips around here. Let's use 20 for practice.
As you get the numbers put them in. In the Goal column you need to select something, the range is right there, so you need to decide what you want. Now look at the bottom again and see what it says for Suggested FC Levels -- shock = 11, Mustard Algae Shock = 14. You may be there already.
If your test was only at FC 8 for example, you would put 8 in the FC now column, then put 11 in the FC Goal column for regular shock level and then the calculator will say Add 62 oz of 6% bleach after you select 6% bleach in that section. You could select cal-hypo or whatever source of chlorine you want to use in that part. So, for example, to go from FC 8 to FC 11 using 73% cal-hypo you'd use 5.2 oz by volume. Be sure to select jug size for bleach at the correct ounces so that if it says one half jug you use the right volume, big 182 oz or little 96 oz jug.
Now look at TA, you have 80 and the goal it suggests says that 80 is just fine, so in the goal you say "80" to leave that alone. CH is fine, even with the gross estimate we made, skip that also.
But CYA, this gets tricky since we really need a better number there. If it is 0, 10 or 20 really matters when you want to get it to 40, give or take some. It will tell you what to add but only if you find the correct starting value. You can guess and check, but that will take some time for the CYA to show up and you don't want to go over goal.