A (hopefully) final report. The last time the stains showed up--about 2.5 weeks ago--I didn't bother lowering FC or pH before adding acsorbic acid. FC was probably around 4.5 and pH in the normal range. I put in acsorbic acid a little at a time until I saw some change. I ended up putting in 3 lbs before the liner cleared up. Over the course of the next couple of days I continued to see some lessening of stains on the plastic bits in the water (returns, etc.).
About two hours after the AA treatment I put in a bottle of Jack's Magic (purple). Two days later I put in 2 lbs. of granular chlorine. After that I had to add 1lb/day of granular chlorine for the FC to keep up with the AA. I've been running the SWG nearly 24/7 at 100% since about the 3rd day after the AA treatment.
I haven't added any chlorine (other than the SWG) for a little over a week now. I lose about .5 ppm FC during the day and gain it back over night. I think the AA is still working against me a little and hope to be able to turn the SWG down at some point. In previous years I have run it at about 60% for 12-14 hours/day.
The water and liner both look like they should. It's the first time this summer that the pool has been inviting.
Also, I put the heater back in the loop (without turning on the heat) before the last treatment. It doesn't seem to be causing any metal build up. I have yet to get anything but 0.0 reading for iron or copper with my test kit. I've been running the heat for a little over a week now and still no ill effects.
I plan to add about 1/2 bottle of Jack's Magic every week for a while (maybe forever) to try to keep the problem at bay. In any case, things are going well right now.
I did have to drain about 1.5 feet of water because I had high salt readings. This was before the last AA treatm I expect this helped with the metals and may have been a key to the problem's solution.
I still don't know the source of the metals. There may be enough in the tap water to have built up over time since I put the pool in. However, there is probably more rainwater than tap water in the pool. I leave it uncovered all year so any time we have a good storm I end up draining some water and the rain fills it back up. During the summer I make up for evaporation with the hose but I hadn't filled with tap water since last summer when this year's problems started.
Anyway, we've been in the pool pretty regularly for the last couple of weeks. Overall a happy ending, so far. I hope it holds until my great-nephew's birthday pool party at the end of the month!