The process of color-matching is an interesting phenomenon. The options can often be broken down to color-matching, electronic meters, and, finally, colorimeters. As you move from left to right on that list you, generally, improve results but also incur higher costs.
Color-matching: Let’s include test strips in this “color-matching” category. This segment includes your eyes looking at a sample which has reacted with reagents to produce a color that we are going to match with color standards. With test strips we are matching a color developed on a pad with a color on a flat chart. The next test in line uses a reagent added to a liquid sample to match to a color on a flat chart. This is where you have the sample tube with about 10-mL of sample water in it, you add in your reagent, then look down through the sample matching it to colors on a card. An example is Taylor’s 5426 pH card. Another example is the Taylor phosphate kit (K-1106). The test above this last one is where we have that liquid sample with reagent added to it but match it to color standards. We hold that “comparator” up to the sky so that we have natural light coming through both the sample and the color standards. These are the tests used in the K-2005 for chlorine and pH. Finally, and this is the one you’ve been waiting for, you have a prepared liquid sample being matched to a liquid standard. These are the midgets and slides. We are matching liquid samples to liquid standards.
With each step listed above, your eye and mind are matching more similar samples with standards. You should see colors more accurately when matching liquids with liquids than when matching liquids with color standards on a paper card or in a comparator.
To further the discussion, electronic meters are very good for accuracy, with a few needed notations. First, like all meters they need to be cleaned, maintained, and calibrated. I calibrated my pH meter every Monday morning. Second, pH probes also require periodic replacement, as there is a “reference solution” inside that glass bulb. pH probes require replacement at least annually. Third, pH meters don’t like banging around in a test kit. Finally, with pH meters you get what you pay for. A $20 meter is not the answer when you are trying to see if the water is 7.2 or 7.8. I would pay at least $100 for a pH meter – think Myron L’s PT-2.
So last on the list are colorimeters. These use special lights and receptors to read the color developed in the color-matching tests with higher precision. These can offer great precision and repeatability for chlorine, bromine, water balance parameters, CYA, metals, and phosphates, to name a few tests. As with pH meters, you get what you pay for. You will not get the same precision with the inexpensive colorimeters as you will with the more-expensive units. This will be evident in the repeatability of the test results.
I hope this helps. Please call us with any questions.