Right, ok so they had no better than the 5ppm max test that you have. Probably their famous test kit...
Go to the pool calculator
http://www.poolcalculator.com and enter these values into the now column. Enter your pool volume up top. Make sure the goals (bottom right - Suggested Goal Levels) are set for TFP.
At the bottom in pink you'll see the Suggested Chlorine levels. When you enter your CYA, or change the CYA number in the now column these will adjust automatically.
For 40ppm CYA your shock level is 15ppm. I would say you did way overdo it with the 20 bottles but it will consume it all eventually.
FWIW... when I suggested 20 bottle supply, I meant get them to have on hand, you'll need them.
Try this, dilute the pool water by 75% or 3/4 with distilled or chlorine free water (leave out overnight) and run your chlorine test. You could do half as well to measure up to 10ppm. But for this purpose here you're looking to see if you're hitting shock level which is 15, so your goal would be to measure somewhere close to 15ppm.
If the test shows equal to 5ppm at a 75% dilution you can call that 15ppm. Good. If it shows 4ppm, then you add bleach enough to get back to 15ppm. The calculator will be your guide, get friendly with it.
Don't worry about any of the other measurements right now, you're shocking. They aren't crazy wild anyway. Forget about the phosphates number. Wipe the result from your mind... :~}
40 CYA is a good place to be, it lets you shock at a low level and you can do the dilution test for the time being and limp along. Don't put any powdered shock or tablets into the pool. Only bleach/liquid chlorine.
Test the pool frequently, hourly. Replace chlorine when it tests under 15ppm. Don't add any chlorine till you get a 15ppm reading from the dilution test, relax... have a drink. Read pool school. Then read it again.
You're no mean dad... you're the one who wants her pool party to be the best ever and that's why you're here, right? Good Daddy!