I have an in-floor cleaning system, and I'm 100% happy with it...especially after I invested serious time and energy in truly understanding the theory and mechanics of how it is supposed to be working. In my system, I have a dedicated pump that does nothing other than intake water from the pool and then shoot it out through the floor jets. This loop is independent of my filtration loop, which has a different pump that takes water through my filter and back to the pool.
When I was building my pool, it seemed to me that this was a really expensive way to go about plumbing the floor cleaning system (why not use a variable-speed pump, etc.?), so I queried my pool builder (and subsequently Paramount) to make sure I wasn't getting charged for over-engineering. The response from both was the same: To work most effectively, in floor cleaners are designed by the manufacture with some relatively tight tolerances on back pressure and water flow. When you put a filter in the loop, you get some additional back pressure. You could compensate for this additional back pressure by providing more pumping power. However, we all know what filtration back pressure changes as the filter media start to get dirty, and the water flow rate is not a linear function of back pressure...especially through the floor nozzles. Consequently, any in-floor cleaner that does not use a dedicated pump will not operate consistently. From looking at OP's pictures, I did not see a dedicated pump. This is problem #1.
Problem #2 is the floor drain itself. The main drain is on the floor with a smaller pressure-relief drain on the sidewall. I have the same system. Even with my 1.5HP (with 1.4 SF) pump pulling solely from my floor drain(s), I can detect no visible flow at the floor drain. They have clearly designed these drains with the ultimate VGB compliance in mind! However, I know that it is working because I can see/feel/hear the water running through my return jets. These drains all by themselves are not meant to clean the floor...they are meant to gradually inhale dirt that gets pushed directly over top. That is why the in-floor jets need to be working at peak efficiency. Hence, my focus on Problem #1 above.
Problem #3 is the leaf canister. Whoever was explaining the difference between the 2 types of lids doesn't understand how this part of the system works. The clear plastic domed lid (which is the one I have) does not make a hermetic seal against the leaf canister basket--a significant amount of water still flow through this lid by design. In fact, if my leaf canister were to get completely plugged up, enough water can bypass this lid to keep the pump from running dry for a significant period of time. I do know, however, that if I do not have my lid installed correctly, I get a substantial bypass of my bottom drain.
So firstly, check that your leaf canister is functioning correctly and that the lid is installed correctly. Secondly, in the absence of a dedicated pump loop for your cleaning system, you can expect sub-par cleaning performance. And thirdly, the apparent absence of flow at floor drain means absolutely nothing. Good luck with your system.