It is best to post your full results and read what the experts share before deciding what to do. Please do that now.
....That being said, here are a few of my thoughts that you can read
after you post your full test results while waiting for the experts to reply:
Welcome to TFP! Many of us came here after the Pool store pool care system failed us, despite being the best customers they ever had. zea3 is asking for the complete set of test results because it is only with those exact numbers that the advice you get here can make sure that after 3 more weeks of work, you have a trouble free pool forever, not on some other forum seeking help because advice didn't pan out. The experts here can and will happily get you sorted out, but they need test results to do this for you.
A few other notes from your post:
"we worked really hard to get it cleared up started with black water" - CONGRATULATIONS!!! I had to do this earlier this year for a family member and oh my it was miserable and slow!
"I noticed cloudy water, so we tested the water" - I know you fine people have survived an amazing war with this pool, but until you know it much, much better, you're going to have to test it regularly and add a sanitizer sufficient to maintain safe levels. (most people on this site use regular bleach, or pool store store bulk liquid chlorine shock - which is just stronger bleach lol).
You will spend a lot more time and money waiting until you can see problems in the pool and then trying to fix it than testing regularly, maintaining suggested levels, and avoiding 99% of problems.
"we super shocked and didn't change a thing" - yeah, unfortunately one time doses of tons of chlorine almost never solve anything. This site has an amazingly effective and efficient solution to many water problems:
http://www.troublefreepool.com/content/125-slam-shock-level-and-maintain-shockingl
"every time I back washed, the water was brown, so we deep cleaned the filter, changed the sand" - please try the advice you get from the experts here (after posting test results) before taking any more drastic action like these. Backwash water being discolored, even dark brown, is perfectly okay if you're following the TFP plan. The sand filter traps dead algae, pollen, dead plant matter, and lots of other things that come out brown-grey-white-black-yellow and such. Test results are far more helpful than backwash color.
"tested the water the only thing that was off were the phosphates" - do you test for phosphates at home or was that a pool store test? If you like what you read here on TFP, you will likely not need to test for phosphates ever again. Far less than 1% pool owners that follow TFP ever have to test for phosphates - they are able to prevent algae growth at all - so having food for algae doesn't matter - since there never is any algae to eat it. Pretty cool, right? Also, be warned - the vast majority of pool store water testers will be trying to do your tests as fast as possible, and are not necessarily doing the tests with as much care as you would be. Furthermore, unless you live next door to the pool store, the water has aged outside the pool for many minutes and is not necessarily going to reflect the actual pool conditions anymore on some tests. Testing at home is vastly preferred since it is immediate, and done by someone that cares for the pool very dearly, and has their own money at stake if the test is done wrong. You + a TFP suggested test kit = the best test results possible.
"total pool care dpd test kit." - when you post your test results, please give us a little more info on what brand and model this test kit is, so we can make sure you have all the tests you truly need