Breakers are sized to protect the wires. If you only have a 40 amp breaker, then all you wires after it need to be like 8 awg or something. If you used all 12 awg, then the breaker must be a max of 20 amps.
Just because your other one only had 1 large breaker does not mean it was correct or safe.
Just because your other one only had 1 large breaker does not mean it was correct or safe.