Your 50K-gallon pool holds 415K pounds of water, so it takes 415K BTUs to raise the temperature of your pool by one degree Fahrenheit.
Every hour, a 400K-BTU heater uses 4 therms of natural gas, which costs approximately $5.50 at $1.35/therm. At 80% efficiency, the heater will put out 320K BTUs per hour, which will heat your pool approximately 0.75 degrees.
The cost to KEEP the pool at a set temperature depends on how quickly the pool loses heat. I'm guessing that 5 degrees/day is a realistic estimate for the cooler months; if that's true, you'll need to run the heater for 6.6 hours/day to maintain your set temperature, which will cost around $35/day.
Initially raising the temperature of the pool by 15 degrees (from, say, 71 degrees F to 86 degrees F) will require 20 hours for 15 degrees plus another few hours for the heat lost during those 20 hours. Say 24 hours total, so the cost to initially heat the pool by 15 degrees F would be around $130.
Lots of assumptions in all this, and lots of small factors ignored, but should give you a general idea of the cost.