Sand existed for millions of years before it went in the filter, so it won't go bad. There are a very few scenarios where sand needs to be replaced, but those are outliers.
You can deep clean the filter once a year by opening it up and gently pushing a running garden hose to the bottom. Move the hose around very carefully (so as to not break a lateral). This will kick up the sand and dislodge the gunk down low, plus allow for a resettling of the sand bed later. Let the water run and overflow from the top until the junk stops flowing out. Reassemble, rinse, and you're good to go.