If you don't test after adding the bleach, you won't know if you reached shock level. So we recommend testing 30-60 minutes after the bleach addition, and adding more bleach to reach shock level if you haven't hit it yet. So say you add enough to reach 18, you test after an hour and you are only at 8, you add more bleach to reach 18, test again after 30-60 min, you're at 14, you add more to reach 18, test again after 30-60 min, and hopefully you've reached it.
What happens often is people aren't adding enough, or frequently enough. They assume they are reaching shock level but their bleach is weaker or whatever, or they calculated the number of jugs wrong, their pool is larger than they think, they calculate using the wrong jug size, etc., and they can't figure out why the shocking isn't working when usually it's just a matter of not actually reaching shock level.
Hope that makes sense.