I'm using Aquachek to test the salt. Like you my yellow bar never really turns brown, but my white bar is white and pretty easy to read. The reading I took before adding any salt was 1170. I needed some dichlor so I had the pool store test my water when I went in. Their reading was 1200 ppm, and with the exception of chlorine (which was off by 1ppm) all their other readings matched mine. So I feel pretty comfortable that my starting level was around 1200.
It's possible that my 'after' reading could be off, but since my first reading was confirmed I know the strips are good. I'll run another test, but we had some storms last night that added about 4" (so far) to the pool, so I'm sure that will have some impact.
Ethany's chart was pretty close to what happened in your pool. Doing the math it's pretty close to what happened in mine, too. 400 lbs raises 20K gallons 3500 ppm. So 40lb raises 20K gallons 350 ppm. 350ppm x 4 bags= 1400ppm. 1400 ppm + 1200 ppm start value= 2600 ppm in 20,000 gallons. Since I only have 17,500 gallons ending up with the higher value of 2830 is pretty close.