whats this part of the filter ?

Your filter could not fill with water unless the air has an escape route. That tube reaches almost to the top of your filter, and as water is pumped into the filter then air is forced out thru the tube. The mesh is to prevent any debris from getting into the tube and blocking it up. You need to clean off that mesh every time you clean the filter, if there are holes in the mesh, then replace the mesh.
 
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