Sounds like a suction side air leak - not sure why it's intermittent though. Maybe your skimmer is just sucking air sometimes? Do you get a little vortex inside your skimmer at any time?
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It's really up to you - there's no hard and fast rules for pump run time unless you have an SWG, and even then it's pretty flexible. I only have a single speed pump but run it a couple hours in the morning to skim off any debris in case someone wants to swim while I'm at work. Then I run it...
They actually recommend you drill a hole in the pump head? That sounds kinda crazy. My pump (not a stenner) has a sensor so that if it detects liquid inside the chamber it shuts the pump off. Works great - found out when I first used the wrong type of pump tube that didn't hold up to...
Ok. Not sure what that test is capable of but just remember you need to be able to measure high FC levels. With your current CYA you should never let it drop below 8 and that's difficult to do with pucks. Just using liquid chlorine now? Have you considered a partial water replacement? If...
You need to add 2 gallons to reach FC of 10. Your min FC is 8 based on FC/CYA Chart. Start reading through Pool School - link at top of page. Sounds like your water isn't too bad looking so with some water replacement and a switch to liquid chlorine or bleach, you should be able to manage just...
Most likely dead algae. You don't have nearly enough FC in your pool for your stabilizer (CYA) level. Let me guess - your using pucks and add shock once a week?
Instead of the two way valves you could use a 3-way prior to your pump to connect both the skimmer and main drain. Makes balancing flow between the two easier...
Same thing happens to my pool right after I clean the filter. With max water flow it creates a vortex at the return - seems to be worse if the eyeball is pointed down. After I clean the filter I adjust the jet up slightly so it's just level with the surface and that helps. After a few days...